Essay --

Diabetes mellitus is one of the common diseases of the hormonal system. Diabetes is a disease caused by a number of factors such as due to complete or partial loss of insulin production or complete or partial loss of its action or both. Whatever the type of diabetes, the main feature of all types of diabetes is elevated level of blood glucose termed as hyperglycemia. A disease forming alterations in capillary’s basement membrane thickening, elevation of matrix of vessel wall and proliferation cell leading to the vascular complications such as narrowing of the lumen, and early atherosclerosis. Diabetes is found to be related with the elevated generation of atherosclerosis that affects the arteries involve in the circulation to the heart, brain and lower extremities. As well as diabetic myocardial disease, is one of the complications of diabetes. Diabetes founds to affect about 100 million people all over the world. The conditions of diabetes leading to the introduction and gene ration of microvascular disorder that is results by the destruction of the small blood vessels and macrovascular disorders that results by the destruction of arteries. In diabetic patient the major reason of inability and death is the vascular disease mainly atherosclerosis. Diabetes elevates the risk of generating coronary, cerebrovascular and peripheral disease. The alteration in the endothelial wall, vascular smooth muscles and functionally active platelets all lead to the pathophysiology progressing to vascular disease. The key factors that are the risk factor for the pathogenesis of vascular complication are elevated blood glucose levels, glucose intolerance, elevated lipid profile and hypertension. Deliberating various long term and threatening diabetic... ...vel also found elevated in the diabetic individuals as compare to the non diabetic individuals. All platelet indices like PLT, PCT, MPV and PDW are associated with the determination of platelet activity, in which elevated MPV and PDW has been documented as main a factor that is associated with the complications of thromboembolic. In previous study elevated MPV and PDW has been found with very poor control of glyceamic index. In previous study it is documented that elevated levels of MPV, PDW, and CRP in diabetic female as compare to the male with diabetes, developing thromboembolic complications. Positive relation in between glyceamic index controlling determining factors (FBG and HbA1c) and the indices of platelets (MPV, PDW) demonstrates that HbA1c and platelets indices can be used as alternate indicator for the diagnosis of diabetic complications in early state.